Tax records are important to genealogical research. We may forget about them in the face of finding other records more quickly and easily like census records. Taxes have been collected since colonial times but the type of taxes collected and how they were collected can be very different throughout history.
One place to learn more about the types of taxes collected in the United States can be found on the U.S. Treasury website. They have a fact sheet on the History of the U.S. Tax System. This is a great introduction on the topic that can help you get ideas about what types of records might exist for your ancestor. It's not enough to know that a type of record exists; it will help your search if you know the different kinds of tax records to look for.
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